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Al-Qadaa wal-Qadr (Divine Ordainment and Predetermination)
  The Four Levels of the Belief in al-Qadr
Author: Dr. Saleh as-Saleh
Article ID : AQD090001  [93575]  
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INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION OF AL QADAA AND AL QADR

When mentioned separately either one means the other, but when stated together differ in their meanings e.g.: when it is generalised Al Qadr encompasses Al Al- qadaa and vice versa. But when it is stated Al Qadr wa Al-qadaa then Al Qadr means the predestination of things and when the predestined matter occurs then it is Al-qadaa.

ITS RULING

It is an obligation to have faith in Al Qadr.

Evidence from the Qur'aan:

'Verily We have created all things with Al Qadr"(54:49)

Evidence from the Sunnah:

Hadith of Gabriel: When the angel asked what is eemaan, the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said 'Eemaan is to believe in Allah His angels, books, messengers, day of judgement and Al- qadar the good and bad' (Bukhari, Muslim)

Hadith of Jabir: 'No slave of Allah will truly believe until he believes in Al Qadr its good and bad from Allah, until he knows that what has befallen him was not going to miss him and that what missed him was not going to befallen him.'(Tirmidhi)

THE 4 ASPECTS OF BELIEF IN AL QADR

1. AL ILM- ALLAH'S KNOWLEDGE

Allah's knowledge encompasses everything. He knows what has occurred, what will occur and all that which has not occurred. He knew everything about His creation before He created it. He knows in His eternal knowledge about His creation ,their provisions, life spans, sayings, moves deeds, secrets all of their obedience and disobedient acts, who among them will be people of Jannah (Paradise) or who will be from the people of An Naar (fire):

'Verily Allah is the All Knower of everything." (8:75)

"And that Allah surrounds (comprehends) all things in his Knowledge." (65:12)

Ali narrated that "one day the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) was sitting with a wooden stick in his hand with which he was scratching the ground. He raised his head and said "there is none of you but has his place assigned either in the fire or in Paradise." They said, "O Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) Why should we carry on doing good deeds then, shall we depend (on Al-qadar) and give up work? The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said "No, but carry on doing good deeds, for everyone will find easy (to do) such deeds as will lead him to that for which he has been created "then he recited this ayat:

"As for him who gives (in charity)and keeps his duty to Allah and fears Him, and believes in Al Husna (Tawheed, path of righteousness) we will make smooth for him the path of ease, goodness..(92:5-10)" Muslim vol.4)

Allah knew that Iblees would disobey and that he would not prostrate to Aadam as Allah commanded him. The angels did not know anything about Iblees. Allah the Wise said to the angels:

"I know that which you do not know" (2:30)

Abdullah ibn Masoud said, "Allah knew what they the angels did not know about Iblees." Ibnul Qayyim mentions many aspects of the wisdom of the creation of Iblees:

1.The manifestation of Allahs ability to create contradicting comparables

e created the most wicked and evil self of Iblees the source of every evil. In contrast He created the most purified and honourable self of the angels. His ability is also manifested in the creation of night and day, illness and cure, life and death, ugly and beautiful and many other contrasting forms of creation.

(Side point) -HOW Allah creates the good and the bad. Allah says which means.

"No evil befalls on the earth or in your own souls except it is in the writings before we bring it into existence."(57:22)

"If some good comes to them they say this is from Allah and if some evil befalls them they say this is from you prophet, everything is from Allah."

"the creator of everything. "(40: 62)

From these verses above we see that Allah created everything, for if Allah did not create everything there would be another creator.

We also know that the prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) said 'All the goodness is in your hands and the evil is not attributed to you. "(Muslim)

So how does Allah create the bad/levil?. Allah does not create evil in the absolute sense. Because in every evil there is good, it is only evil if we make it evil.


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